Critical Demand Response Opportunities in Heavy Industries as a Solution for Large Active Power Imbalance in Smart Grid: Study in Three Industrial Subgroups

Demand response (DR) is one of the most cost-effective and logical smart grid terms for power systems that can be used during peak load hours, whereas shedding (LS) last expensive solution in emergency situations. The aim them to satisfy equilibrium constraints between consumption generation restore system frequency normal bounds at least possible time. rapid increase costs limitations on electricity resources have resulted increasing need industrial customers’ participation as an alternative spikes. Therefore, this paper considers estimation imbalance active a strategy introduce critical DR (CDR) heavy industries (pulp paper, cement, medium density fibreboard (MDF)) based direct control (DLC) technique order reduce LS restore. To evaluate proposed model, real case study including typical pulp MDF processes with actual data considered. numerical graphical results confirm CDR inexpensive replace costly spinning reserves avoid shedding.